A Gospel of Doing

Saint Symeon the New TheologianGiven the variety of ways that the scriptures speak of “being saved” or “inheriting eternal life,” it is always somewhat of a shock for me to encounter people that do not see such diversity and who insist that to “be saved” one must simply believe. And this belief unto salvation is always kept separate from the idea of good works or “doing something” in order to be saved.

While I was once part of a faith tradition that taught such “easy believism,” I am certainly distant from such thought and practice these days – and this becomes all the more apparent the more I encounter this viewpoint as an Orthodox Christian.

However, what is clear to me now (and was becoming clear to me in my life prior to Orthodoxy) is just how explicit the scriptures are that we must be “doing something” in order to ultimately be saved.

Perhaps the main disconnect comes with this idea of “being saved?”

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Origin of the Bible – The Old Testament

SeptuagintThe scriptures of the Hebrews (commonly referred to by Christians as the “old testament” or “covenant”) are a collection of writings that were done over the course of thousands of years, written in a variety of languages (predominately Hebrew, but also Aramaic and Greek) and adapted from a wide range of cultures, ethnicities, nations and peoples. The character of these writings is not uniform, in the sense that not all are of the same style nor do they all carry the same purpose (from an historical or strictly textual perspective).

From a Christian perspective, of course, the true meaning and importance of these scriptures is that they all testify of Christ (cf. St John 5:39). As such, they are not meant to be a textbook for the disciplines of either science or history, nor do they assume to be so. Rather, they are a history of Christ and the reconciliation that mankind can experience with God through Him. The story of Israel is the story of Christ, and vice versa. Indeed, the scriptures are an Icon of Christ; an Icon of the Logos of God. Continue reading

Lent, Have Mercy

Giving up TV for LentWell, it is that time of year again: the time of year when a great number of people in the world – for seemingly no particular reason at all – “give up something” for Lent. Buddhist, Methodist, Roman Catholic, Agnostic, Baptist … they’re all in, it seems.

For many, it is nothing more than an attempt at “discipline.” We can liken this to “new year’s resolutions” – those pesky ideals that help drive retail sales of vitamins, energy bars and exercise equipment around the first two weeks of January. I say “an attempt at discipline,” because – for the most part – no one really follows through or makes it out of January alive. This is not because the ambitions are beyond one’s potential reach, necessarily, but because we live in a culture of excess, self-satisfaction and pleasure, and are simply ill-equipped (most of us having a “will” that is in bondage to sin and not wholly “free”) to handle the prospect of extended discipline.

In these cases, it doesn’t really matter what “faith tradition” one comes from, and the “fad” of “giving up stuff for Lent” is neither spiritual nor inherently Christian. It is empty, bare, legalistic, pseudo-asceticism practiced by those without any experience of the true asceticism of the Church. Like most things in America today, it is a trend that will eventually go by the wayside. One can only hope, honestly.

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Hypocrisy as the American Dream

AntigoneNo doubt the result of several fairly recent historical developments, American “Christianity” has produced a whole generation of hypocrites. The hypocrisy of which I’m speaking is found most commonly at the individual level and is part and parcel of our relativistic, “whatever works for you” culture. To put it in fancy, theological words, American Christians have become ontologically and epistemologically Modalists.

Modalism (or Sabellianism) was a heresy that spread in the first few centuries of the Church and espoused that God was one Person but that He simply took on different “modes” or “forms” (as a single Person). God the Father was one “form,” and then He revealed Himself as the “form” of God the Son and then finally as God the Holy Spirit. At no one time were all three “forms” existing concurrently. It was as if God simply put on a different “mask” whenever it suited Him. This is a denial of the Orthodox view of the Trinity, of course, wherein God is three Persons in one Essence (without beginning or end).

Unfortunately, as an aside, there are many actual Modalist movements in the world today, such as some branches of Pentecostalism. Really, any “church” that emphasizes the Holy Spirit over Christ and the Father are semi-Modalist in scope, and this is easy to spot because of their emphasis on “experiences” of the Holy Spirit and ecstatic, chaotic nonsense – while they de-emphasize or undermine the role of the Church (which is the Body of Christ) and His Incarnation and role as its Head (remember, Christ said He would never leave us – cf. St Matt. 28:18-20) as well as the leadership role of men (a de-emphasis of the role of God the Father in the union of the Trinity) in the Church. In other words, just turn your television to TBN and you’ll see this clearly.

The word “hypocrite” comes from the Greek ὑπόκρισις which can mean “play-acting” or “coward” depending on the context, and was also used in reference to a stage actor in the ancient world. In other words, someone who played several different characters on stage was a “hypocrite,” as he adorned different masks, costumes and voices to play varying characters. He was not a solitary Person with a single “form,” but a Person with multiple “forms” or appearances, depending on the context (and never more than one “form” at once).

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Clerical Dress and American Worship

An Eastern Orthodox priest.This might not be a very popular post …

Schmemann began his book For the Life of the World with the phrase “Man is what he eats,” quoting the German philosopher Feuerbach. In a similar fashion (wait for the pun), I believe that “man is what he wears.”

Yes, friends, the way we dress matters. It shapes and transforms the way we think, the way we work, the way we act and – most importantly for the Christian – the way we worship. While the rationalism of our Enlightenment culture might deny the effects of “matter” (you know, earthy stuff), simply denying the reality of something doesn’t make it true. Everyone knows that when you dress professionally, you are more productive and focused at work, and that dressing in a casual manner actually reduces productivity and the mental faculties of the average person – these are widely accepted viewpoints, it seems. In a similar way, surrounding yourself with certain decorations or trappings can affect the way one thinks and acts, as well. Aesthetics matter.

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What to Read as an “Orthodox Inquirer”

An Orthodox Icon of St Athanasius the Great of AlexandriaAs a follow up to my previous post, I thought it might be helpful to provide a “recommended reading” list for those who are at varying points on their journey to the Orthodox Church.

This list won’t necessarily be objective or even a “perfect” list that will be helpful to everyone, irrespective of their background, experiences, etc. However, for those who are, 1. Somewhat familiar with basic theological concepts and the Scriptures, and, 2. Coming from a Protestant background, these are the things I would personally endorse (at least as a starting point).

As a disclaimer, I should emphasize that beyond reading some helpful books and other ancient works, actually experiencing Orthodox prayer and worship (so far as the non-Orthodox can experience it) is absolutely essential. In other words, one should be regularly attending services at an Orthodox parish, be in communication with and under the careful, spiritual guidance/oversight of an Orthodox priest and also regularly engaged in a prayer rule (even if it is just as simple as the Trisagion prayers or the Lord’s Prayer every day).

Without these elements, you are just “puffing up” and wasting your time. You will, by no means, actually understand or begin to experience the fullness of the Orthodox Church. In fact, you might even be calloused against it, and the Evil One will likely try to use this experience (separated from the Life of the Church) to arouse doubt, suspicion and animosity with regards to the ancient Faith (from which you may never recover). Approaching the Orthodox Church is not a merely intellectual endeavor – it requires the nous and the devotion of one’s heart (the whole self).

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Book Review: “Orthodoxy and Heterodoxy”

"Orthodoxy and Heterodoxy" by Fr Andrew Stephen (Damick)I normally don’t think about this sort of thing in great detail, but since I’m presently spending time with a catechumen on a regular basis, I’m developing a “mental list” of the top 10 or so books one should recommend to an inquirer of the Orthodox Faith. This book is one of those 10, and it might even be in the top five.

Fr Andrew Stephen (Damick) is the protos of an Orthodox parish in Emmaus, PA and has a series of podcasts (available here) on various Orthodox topics – most of which are particularly helpful for those outside of the Orthodox Church or relatively new to it. His book Orthodoxy and Heterodoxy (available here and here) is an expansion and codification of one of those podcast series by the same name.

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I Love Religion

Orthodox Temple of Saint Sava

I’m glad that Fr Andrew replied to this silly video – it saves me a lot of trouble.

Regardless, a key here is that simply saying “All I need is Jesus, not religion” is the most complicated religion of all, for all it does is pose an infinite amount of follow-up questions: Which Jesus? Who is Jesus? What did he do? Why do I need him? How do I live for him? etc.

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Tim Tebow and the Saints

All the SaintsThe recent Tim Tebow fascination and hysteria (among evangelicals, especially) is a reminder of the fact that most Americans (especially American, evangelical Christians) are held captive by Iconoclasm.

As C.S. Lewis once pointed out, when there is no king or monarch to venerate (honor), people will seek out celebrities and even deviants to hold up as worthy of honor. This, of course, explains the American fascination (voyeurism) with regards to celebrities (TMZ, Entertainment Tonight, People magazine, etc.) as well as “reality television” – a most horrendous form of entertainment where literally anyone can be venerated for simply pretending to live their day-to-day lives in front of a television camera.

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Putting the “Mass” Back into Christmas (and Other Bumper Sticker Ideas)

Icon of the Nativity of ChristI’ve seen a lot of rather lovely blog posts, articles, etc. from fellow Orthodox Christians these days regarding the Christmas holiday season.

Of course, living in America (or the secular West in general) during Christmas season means having to endure countless references to an elven “Santa” figure – a mythical product of Evangel-o-Deistic-Protestant-Capital-ism where one of the Church’s most holy, upright and Godly Saints is turned into an enduring symbol for capitalism and materialistic consumption – Lord, have mercy!

In addition to this, we must also endure the predictable rants of evangelicals as they lament over the usage of phrases like “Happy Holidays!” instead of “Merry Christmas!” as well as “Xmas” on Twitter.

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